In 1958, Ingles developed the clinical nursing specialist program, the first master’s program of its kind in the United States. The failure of the National League for Nursing accreditation board to approve the program led Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. to choose former military hospital corpsmen to educate as physician’s assistants in 1965. Holt’s article describes the professional issues between medicine and nursing at the time that provided the opportunity for the development of the PA profession.

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Photograph courtesy of DUMC Archives, Durham, NC.